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- Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics: E. coli exposed to extremely high frequency EMF (51.8 and 53 GHz, 0.06 mW/cm2, 30 to 60 minutes) had membranous changes that appear to change metabolic pathways that can lead to antibiotic resistance. Other bacteria with a specific role in in the biosphere could react similarly.
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Research: Exposure to radiation from wireless communications, including 5G, correlates with elevated adverse health outcomes in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
- Medical Research Archives: Exposure to 5G millimeter waves is associated with higher COVID-19 case and death rates in the US. The mechanism may relate to changes in blood chemistry, oxidative stress, an impaired immune response, an altered cardiovascular and/or neurological response.
- Radiation Research: Covid and exposure to acute radiation cause similar multi-system damage involving cytokine storms, increased pro-inflammatory molecules and decreased anti-inflammatory molecules. Patients with underlying medical conditions are especially vulnerable, both to covid and acute radiation exposure.
- Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics: Biological responses to low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation (at 51.8, 53, 70.6, and 73 GHz) were evaluated on E. coli. Altered bacterial growth, cell sizes, surface tension, oxidation-reduction potential, and structural differences were detected, based on exposure frequency. Effects were attributed to partial EMF absorbance by the surrounding medium.
- Dose-Response: Exposure to RF-EMFs within a narrow level of irradiation (i.e., “exposure window” theory) makes E. coli and Listeria resistant to antibiotics when tested with 900 MHz mobile phone-simulated radiation, and 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi router signals.
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology: Biological effects of millimeter waves potentially include antibiotic resistant bacteria, but also offer potential new therapeutic practices, and food protection technologies.
- Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering: Wi-Fi exposure acted on bacteria in stressful manner by enhancing biofilm formation and increasing antibiotic resistance and motility of Escherichia coli 0157H7. Biofilm formation also enhanced for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis. These findings may have implications for the management of serious diseases caused by these infectious bacteria.
- Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering: Statistically significant rise in the sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumonia to different antibiotics after 4.5 hours of exposure to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiation, followed by a fall after 8 hours of exposure.
- Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering: Increasing duration of exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phone simulators with a frequency of 900 MHz, especially after 24 hours of exposure, can increase antibiotic resistance in staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa (causes pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and bacterial blood infection).
- International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health: Available findings suggest biomedical effects from 5G frequencies, including reproductive, metabolic/neurologic effects, and altered bacterial antibiotic resistance.
- Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences: RF EMF exposure (900 MHz) decreased the growth of staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa (causes pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and bacterial blood infection). Only staphylococcus aureus showed significantly increased resistance to the antibiotic amoxicillin (30 µg).
- Critical Reviews in Microbiology: The genome is affected because the conformational changes in DNA. EMF interaction with bacteria cause changes in their sensitivity to different chemicals, including antibiotics. These effects lead to changed metabolic pathways in bacteria and their antibiotic resistance.
- Bioelectromagnetics: Defective Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus DNA particles generated when exposed to ELF-EMF (1 mT, 50 Hz, for 24-72 hours).
- Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology: Epstein-Barr virus genome activated in latently infected human lymphoid cells when exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic field. Study shows DNA can be modulated by magnetic fields.
- Bioelectromagnetics: Tobacco mosaic virus reacts to ELF-MF (10 Hz at 10, 25.6 or 28.9 microT, for 8 or 24 hours), resulting in decreased lesion area and the number of lesions on tobacco leaves.
- Advances in Cancer Research: Proliferation of preleukemic cells induced by radiation leukemia virus variants.
- Peripherally related:
- International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine: Exposure of Salmonella, Staph, and Klebsiella pneumoniae to soil with high background gamma radiation appears to cause adaptations that help microorganisms better cope with the lethal effects of antibiotics.
- Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal: Antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis pathogen can become susceptible to antibiotics with short-term exposure of microorganisms to diagnostic ultrasonic waves.